Archon [root word -- arche] "one invested with power and dignity, chief, ruler, prince, magistrate" (Harper's Analytical Lexicon).
Chief Luke 11:15 -- through Beelzebub the chief of the devils Luke 14:1 -- one of the chief Pharisees
Chief Rulers John 12:42 -- among the chief rulers also
Magistrate Luke 12:58 -- thine adversary to the chief magistrate
Prince Matthew 9:34 -- archonti (dative, singular of archon) -- through the prince of the devils Matthew 12:24 -- archonti (dative, singular of archon) -- by Beelzebub the prince of the devils Matthew 20:25 -- archon -- the princes of the Gentiles Mark 3:22 -- archonti -- by the prince of the devils John 12:31 -- archon -- now shall the prince of this world John 14:30 -- archon -- the prince of this world cometh John 16:11 -- archon -- the prince of this world is judged 1 Corinthians 2:6 -- archon -- nor of the princes of this world 1 Corinthians 2:8 -- archon -- none of the princes of this world Ephesians 2:2 -- archonta (accusative, singular of archon) -- prince of the power of the air Revelation 1:5 -- archon -- Prince of the kings of the earth
Ruler and Rulers Matthew 9:18 -- there came a certain ruler Matthew 9:23 -- Jesus came into the ruler's house Luke 8:41 -- he was a ruler of the synagogue Luke 18:18 -- a certain ruler asked him Luke 23:13 -- priests and the rulers of the people Luke 23:35 -- the rulers also with them derided Luke 24:20 -- priests and our rulers delivers John 3:1 -- Nicodemus, a ruler of the Jews John 7:26 -- do the rulers know indeed John 7:48 -- have any of the rulers Acts 3:17 -- ye did as also our rulers Acts 4:5 -- their rulers, elders, and scribes Acts 4:8 -- ye rulers of the people Acts 4:26 -- the rulers were gathered together Acts 7:27 -- who made thee to be a ruler and a judge Acts 7:35 -- made thee a ruler and a judge .... God send a ruler Acts 13:27 -- dwell at Jerusalem, and their rulers Acts 16:19 -- into the marketplace unto the rulers Acts 23:5 -- not speak evil of the ruler Romans 13:3 -- for rulers are not a terror to good
Notice that in Revelation 1:5 it is 'archon' and literally means 'first one, ruler, pl. or authorities in general' (NE). You may want to dig into it further. It is used of the chief priests and rulers of Israel in the days of Jesus; also of the leader of devils; and often of rulers in general, but never specifically of any king other than the inclusion of kings with any and all rulers of any rank. Thus 'prince' can justly refer to the sons of kings. Of course Jesus is 'prince' to his Father's eternal 'kingship' and in waiting till the kings of the earth come to their end (Rev. 11:15-18). Jesus was anointed to be king at his baptism byJohn. He was 'anointed to become king' when he appears the second time (not to have his kingdom of the order of society then present nor of that society since (John 18:36).
The etymology of the English word 'prince' according to 'The Living Webster Encyclopedic Dictionasry of the English Language' shows that its origin is equivalent to 'archon' in the Koine Greek of the New Testament. "Prince, noun [French, from the Latin, princeps, principis, a prince, a chief -- primus, first, and capio, take.] A male nonreigning member of a royal family; hisorically a king, monarch. In Great Britain, the son or grandson (if the child of a son) of a sovereign. The actual or nominal ruler of a small state or territory; a man at the head of any class or profession; as, a merchant prince; a man of admirable, likable personal qualities." This shows that the meaning of 'archon' is fully carried into the modern definition also given.
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archegos "(arche & ago) a chief, leader, prince; a prime author; (Harper's Analytical Lexicon). "adjective; only as substitute, (a) leader, ruler; (b) founder, originator" (New Englishman's Greek Concordance and Lexicon).
Author Hebrews 12:2 -- Jesus the author and finisher of our faith.
Captain Hebrews 2:10 -- Captain of their salvation.
Prince Acts 3:15 -- of life Acts 5:31 -- and a Saviour
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Ron Rankin February, 1999